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  • Home
  • Daily Tasks
    • Dictations >
      • Circumcision
      • Cystoscopy >
        • Cysto-OR
        • Cysto, +/- RPG +/- stent >
          • Cysto w/ b/l RPG
          • Cysto, L RPG
          • Cysto, R RPG
          • Cysto, L stent w/o RPG
          • Cysto, L RPG, L Stent
          • Cysto, R Stent w/o RPG
          • Cysto, R RPG, R Stent
        • Cysto, bladder biopsy
        • Cysto and TRUS Prostate Biopsy (OR)
        • Cysto Botox (F)
        • Individual parts of cystos
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        • L U-scope (flex), RPG, (F)
        • R U-scope (flex), RPG, (M)
        • L U-scope,semirigid laser, flex, RPG, stent removal, (F)
      • ESWL >
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Fertility

 ​FSH stimulates Sertoli cells to make sperm.  Spermatogenesis takes 74 days to complete, they are made in seminiferous tubules where testosterone is required in the lumen.   The little swimmers mature in the epididymis and are stored in the cauda.  A fever can disrupt spermatogenesis for 3 months.
Risk factors for infertility in females are:​​
  • age>35
  • PCOS
  • PID
  • h/o tubal ligation
  • endometriosis
Risk factors for infertility in males are:
  • varicocele
  • ejaculation disorders
  • endocrine disorders​
    1. thyroid (hypo= ^  in prolactin
    2. hypo/hypergonadotropic
  • prostatitis
  • DM
  • ​fever
  • mumps (after puberty)
  • liver disease
  • drugs​​ - chemotherapy, cimetidine, colchicine, sulfasalazine, allopurinol, spironolactone, TCA's, dilantin. Aspirin and acetaminophen may negatively impact. Also Opiates
​CF, kartagener's, Young syndrome, myotonic dystrophy, CBAVD,


​
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  • Home
  • Daily Tasks
    • Dictations >
      • Circumcision
      • Cystoscopy >
        • Cysto-OR
        • Cysto, +/- RPG +/- stent >
          • Cysto w/ b/l RPG
          • Cysto, L RPG
          • Cysto, R RPG
          • Cysto, L stent w/o RPG
          • Cysto, L RPG, L Stent
          • Cysto, R Stent w/o RPG
          • Cysto, R RPG, R Stent
        • Cysto, bladder biopsy
        • Cysto and TRUS Prostate Biopsy (OR)
        • Cysto Botox (F)
        • Individual parts of cystos
      • Prostate Biopsy >
        • Cysto and TRUS Prostate Biopsy (OR)
        • TRUS Prostate Biopsy (OR)
        • TRUS Prostate Biopsy (office)
        • MRI Fusion TRUS Prostate Biopsy
      • Robot Left Radical Nephrectomy
      • Robot Right Radical Nephrectomy
      • Robot Radical Prostatectomy w/ PLND
      • TURBT (M)
      • Ureteroscopy >
        • L U-scope (flex), RPG, (F)
        • R U-scope (flex), RPG, (M)
        • L U-scope,semirigid laser, flex, RPG, stent removal, (F)
      • ESWL >
        • Left Proximal ESWL
        • Left Renal ESWL
        • Right Proximal ESWL
        • Right Renal ESWL
      • TURP
      • Vasectomy
    • Plans >
      • Erectile Dysfunction
      • NMIBC
      • Peyronie's Disease
      • Prostate Cancer
    • Medications >
      • Antibiotics >
        • Bactrim
        • Cephalosporins >
          • Keflex
        • Ciprofloxacin
        • Macrobid
        • Gentamicin
      • Medications and Dialysis
      • Anticoagulation and Antiplatelets
      • 5α-Reductase Inhibitors
      • PDE5i
      • Prostate Cancer Drugs >
        • Abiraterone
        • Androgen Receptor Blockers
        • Pembrolizumab
      • Anticholinergics & β-3 Agonists
      • Estrace
    • Patient Discussions >
      • Prostate Cancer
      • PSA Screening
      • Tobacco Cessation
    • Radiation Exposure
    • Medicolegal
    • Urology Jokes & Quotes
  • Subjects
    • Various Pathology >
      • Neurogenic Bladder/Spinal Cord Injury
      • CKD/ESRD
      • Erectile Dysfunction >
        • IPP
      • Female Urology
      • Hypogonadism
      • Imaging
      • Nocturia
      • Overactive Bladder
      • Trauma
      • Urine Retention
    • Urologic Malignancy >
      • Prostate Cancer >
        • Choosing Therapy
        • Imaging
        • Genomic Testing
        • Locally Advanced and BCR
        • Metastatic Prostate Cancer
        • ADT and Hormonal Therapy
        • Surgery
        • Radiation
        • Adjuvant & Salvage Therapy
        • Prostate Biopsy
        • Studies >
          • Landmark Studies
          • Research
      • Bladder Cancer >
        • MIBC
        • NMIBC >
          • Intravesical Therapy
        • Urine Markers
        • Chemotherapy
        • Metastatic Bladder Cancer
        • Immunotherapy
        • Cystectomy & PLND
        • Variant Histology
        • Trimodal Therapy
        • Post Cystectomy Care (ERAS)
        • Studies
      • Renal Cancer >
        • Work-up
        • Treatment
        • Surgery
        • Renal Cysts
        • Locally Advanced & Metastatic
        • RCC Surveillance
        • Calculators & Nomograms
        • Landmark Studies
        • Other Studies
      • Upper Tract UCC >
        • Laser Treatment >
          • Studies
        • UTUC Chemotherapy
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        • Landmark Studies
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      • Studies
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      • TURP
      • Urolift
      • Surgical Therapies
      • IPSS
    • Fertility >
      • Imaging and Lab Tests
      • Work-up
      • Surgery
      • Infertility in Spinal Cord Injury
      • Study guide
      • Interventions
      • Studies
    • Infection >
      • Fournier's Gangrene
      • Orchitis
      • UTI
      • Recurrent UTI
    • Incontinence >
      • Artificial Urethral Sphincter
      • Neuromodulation
      • Slings
      • Urethral Bulking
    • Pediatric Urology >
      • Pediatric Infections
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      • Pediatric Trauma
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      • Urethral Stricture
      • Studies
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      • Blood Transfusions
      • Fistula
      • Other studies/notes
  • Procedures
    • Cystectomy
    • Incisions
    • Endoscopic >
      • Cystoscopy
      • Ureteroscopy
      • Ureteral Stenting
    • Female Surgery >
      • Interstim & PTNS
      • Midurethral Sling
      • Sacrocolpopexy
    • Nephrectomy
    • PCNL
    • Prostate Biopsy
    • Radical Prostatectomy
    • Suprapubic Tube (SPT)
    • Urethral Catheters
    • Urodynamics
    • Varicocelectomy
  • Videos
  • Journal Club
    • Top 1000 Urology Journal Articles
    • Top Urology Journal Articles by Decade
    • Landmark Authors
    • Bladder Cancer Journal Club >
      • Landmark Papers
    • Reconstructive Journal Club >
      • Landmark Papers
    • Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma